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Latest Writing

  • When (DNA) Signatures Aren't Enough

    AI can now help design whole viral genomes. That creates a security problem computer defenders know well: how do defenders recognize a threat when it no longer resembles the threats they know? DNA synthesis gives biosecurity a rare chokepoint—for now.

    artificial-intelligence biosecurity cybersecurity synthetic-biology malware
  • Beyond Grains of Sand: From the Planck Length to the Edge of Infinity

    Science communicators love to compare complex systems to 'the number of atoms in the universe.' It's a terrible analogy. Here is a proper tour of scale, mapping the journey from the quantized foam of the Planck length all the way to the formal axioms of set theory.

    cosmology physics mathematics scale set-theory computability holography
  • The Hologram in the Heartbeat: Testing Quantum Gravity with a Galactic Microquasar

    Theory without observation is just beautiful math; observation without theory is just raw data. Here’s how an extreme, X-ray-spewing microquasar in our own galaxy provided the exact physical data needed to prove the universe behaves like a hologram.

    physics astrophysics quantum-gravity holography black-holes observational-astronomy
  • The Universe’s Source Code: How Lie Algebras Weave Quantum Space

    To bridge the gap between Einstein's curved spacetime and the discrete jumps of quantum spin, you have to look under the hood of how continuous symmetry works. The secret to quantum gravity lies in a 19th-century algebraic code: Lie Theory.

    physics quantum-gravity mathematics general-relativity lie-theory differential-geometry
  • In Search of Quantum Spacetime: Four Journeys of Abhay Ashtekar

    For nearly a century, physicists have struggled to unify Einstein's smooth fabric of spacetime with the discrete jumps of quantum mechanics. Here is a journey through the four monumental contributions of Abhay Ashtekar, the pioneer who rewired the math of general relativity and made modern quantum gravity possible.

    physics quantum-gravity general-relativity history-of-science cosmology black-holes

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